The Ishihara test is a colour perception test for red-green colour deficiencies, the first in a class of successful colour vision tests called pseudo-isochromatic plates (“PIP”).

The Farnsworth–Munsell (FM) 100 Hue Test is the most famous D-15 dichotomous test which was originally introduced in 1947 by Mr. Farnsworth. The D-15 test is a so called arrangement test.